The gurukuls were supported by public donations and were one of the earliest forms of public school offices. Please check your download folder. Mao Maram, Paomata and Purul of Senapati district of Manipur as census results of 2001 in these three sub-divisions were cancelled due to technical and administrative reasons. family planning and population stabillisation efforts, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, Directive Policy in Article 45 of the Constitution, Ranking of states and union territories by literacy rate: 2011, "Number of literates and Literacy Rate by sex and residence", "India's literacy rate increase sluggish", "The Plurality of Literacy and its Implications for Policies and Programmes: Position Paper", http://www.mospi.gov.in/sites/default/files/NSS75252E/KI_Education_75th_Final.pdf, "At 96.2%, Kerala tops literacy rate chart; Andhra Pradesh worst performer at 66.4%", "The Challenges for India's Education System", "Global campaign for education- more teachers needed", "Primary Education in India: Key Problems", "Social Exclusion of Scheduled Caste Children from Primary Education in India", "Gender Inequalities and Demographic Behaviour", "Census 2011: Literacy rate and sex ratio in India since 1901 to 2011", "Census 2011: Provisional Population Tools", "Literacy Rate on the Rise, 11th Plan Targets 80%", "Tripura tops literacy rate with 94.65 percent, leaves behind Kerala", "How Tripura became India's top literate state", "Mizoram imparts a lesson in literacy to the country", "Tamil Nadu India's most literate state: HRD ministry – City – The Times of India", "Rajasthan passes literacy test with flying colors", "2 decades on, literacy mission still short of target", "Shantha Sinha's Magsaysay Award Citation", Household Social Consumption on Education in India, Literacy in the context of constitution of India, India languishes in its villages:NSSO Survey, List of Chinese administrative divisions by illiteracy rate, Cambridge Assessment International Education, Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, National Council of Educational Research and Training, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Literacy_in_India&oldid=999887237, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2015, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from February 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. According to the survey conducted by census 2011 by the Ministry of Home Affairs, India has an overall literacy rate of 74.04%. 3. Literacy Rate in India. (1908). The table below shows the adult and youth literacy rates for India and some neighboring countries in 2015. If you use our chart images on your site or blog, we ask that you provide attribution via a link back to this page. [42] The number of high schools in 2000–01 was higher than the number of primary schools at the time of independence.[34][41]. The gap is more in the rural areas. Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24) - India from The World Bank: Data Learn how the World Bank Group is helping countries with COVID-19 (coronavirus). Prior to the British era, education in India commenced under the supervision of a guru in traditional schools called gurukuls. "[56] Kerala has led the nation in literacy rates since the 19th century and seen sustained initiatives for over 150 years, whereas Himachal Pradesh's literacy rate in 1961 was below the national average in every age group. Total literacy drive for people aged between 15 and 50 who have lost the chance of entering formal education fold. [58] The government identified illiterates and organized an administrative structure that engaged officials and community leaders and manned by "animators" who were responsible for teaching five illiterates each. "Taxation and educational development: Evidence from British India. India’s adult literacy rate is 63%. [56] In the three decadal 1961–1991 period, the female literacy in the 15–19 years age group went from 11% to 86%. [55] First, households were surveyed with door-to-door, multistage survey visits to form an accurate picture of the literacy landscape and areas that needed special focus. 2. There is a shortage of classrooms to accommodate all the students in 2006–2007. [53] The programs were not just implemented to make the state literate but as long-term education programs to ensure all citizens have a certain basic minimum level of education. Literacy rate in India is uneven and as such, different states and union territories of India have differences in their literacy rates. [61], Eventually, the program covered all children under the age of 15, as well as pregnant women for the first four months of their pregnancy. [5], Census of India pegged average literacy rate to be 74.4% in 2011 while National Statistical Commission surveyed literacy to be 77.7% in 2017–18. ", Chaudhary, Latika. 4. As a whole, the global literacy rate is high. However, in Kerala also, male literacy (97.4%) is more than the female literacy rate (95.2%). 2011: Density of Delhi is 11,320 per sq km India and Manipur figures exclude those of the three sub-divisions viz. Major social reformation efforts are sometimes required to bring about a change in the rural scenario. 3. A special program – titled improved pace and content learning (IPCL) – has been designed to provide basic education to such people. ", Natarajan, Dandapani. Literacy rates stood at 82.14 percent for men in 2011 and 65.46 percent for women. Literacy rates in accordance to British in India rose from an estimated 3.2 per cent in 1872, to 16.1 per cent in 1941.[34][35][36]. [8], The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) has drafted a definition of literacy as the "ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, compute and use printed and written materials associated with varying contexts. This low female literacy is also responsible for the dependency of women on men for activities which requires them to read and write. The program was introduced on a large scale in the 1960s under the chief ministership of K. Kamaraj. List of Literacy Rate of 10 Different States in India. The 2001–2011 decade is the second census period (after the 1991–2001 census period) when the absolute number of Indian illiterate population declined (by 31,196,847 people), indicating that the literacy growth rate is now outstripping the population growth rate. The achievement of functional literacy implies (i) self-reliance in 3 R's, (ii) awareness of the causes of deprivation and the ability to move towards amelioration of their condition by participating in the process of development, (iii) acquiring skills to improve economic status and general well-being, and (iv) imbibing values such as national integration, conservation of the environment, women's equality, observance of small family norms. youth is a subset of adults). Education Expenditures Colonial education investments in India. [55] On 4 February 1990, the Government of Kerala endeavoured to replicate the initiative on a statewide level, launching the Kerala State Literacy Campaign. Adult literacy rate is based on the 15+ years age group, while the youth literacy rate is for the 15–24 years age group (i.e. India is still 30 years behind the national literacy rate which was 43.7% in 1981. "Does history matter? State Literacy Ranking : In September 2013, the State Government of Tripura claimed that the state has surpassed Kerala as the most literate state in India, with a literacy rate of 94.65%. While Kerala improved to 99.5 percent in 2018 from 99.3 percent in … An important component of the scheme is the Education Guarantee Scheme and Alternative and Innovative Education, meant primarily for children in areas with no formal school within a one-kilometer radius. 2) Act, 2004. (2016) page 11, This page was last edited on 12 January 2021, at 13:02. India literacy rate for 2006 was 62.75%, a 1.74% increase from 2001. [66] International Literacy Day is celebrated each year on 8 September with the aim to highlight the importance of literacy to individuals, communities and societies. Today the MV Foundation's bridge schools and programs extend to 4,300 villages. [61] In 2001, the Supreme Court of India instructed all state governments to implement free school lunches in all government-funded schools, but implementation has been patchy due to corruption and social issues. The British India censuses identify a significant difference in literacy rates, by: sex, religion, caste and state of residence,[38] e.g. [46] Slightly less than half of all Indian illiterates (48.12%) are in the six states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh.[46]. Compared to the adult literacy rate here the youth literacy rate is about 9% higher. [citation needed]. [49], When children do get educated, general lack of economic progress in the state means that government jobs are the only alternative to farming labor, yet these jobs, in practice, require bribes to secure – which poorer families cannot afford. The National Sample Survey Organisation and the National Family Health Survey collected data in India on the percentage of children completing primary school which are reported to be only 36.8% and 37.7% respectively. At a point when the British Raj came to an end in India in the year 1947, the literacy rate was simply 12%. Despite improving from a level of just 48% in 1991, India still ha a relatively low literacy rate — especially compared to other major emerging markets in Asia. Compared with other nations, Republic of India has the largest illiterate population. Over the years, India has changed socially, economically, and globally. EscrowTech India Private Limited The graph shows the literacy rate of the 28 states of India and India (as whole) in 2011 (green) as … India’s literacy rate at the time of independence was a mere 14%, over the years literacy rate has been increasing but with varied rates in different states with some states like Kerala and Mizoram well above national average and Bihar with a dismal rate of 63.8%. [6] The low female literacy rate has a dramatically negative impact on family planning and population stabillisation efforts in India. States like Bihar, Rajasthan, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh where poverty is rampant have low literacy rates. [143] More than 94% of the rural population has access to a primary school within 1 km, while 98% of the population benefits one school within a distance of 2 km. After the 2011 census, literacy rate India 2011 was found to be 74.04%. India literacy rate has shown significant rise in the past 10 years. The study of 188 government-run primary schools in central and northern India revealed that 59% of the schools had no drinking water facility and 89% no toilets. Later, in 1991, she guided her family's Mamidipudi Venkatarangaiya Foundation to take up this idea as part of its overriding mission in Andhra Pradesh. Presently Tripura has the third highest literacy rate in India. While other states like Puducherry or even Himachal Pradesh has good literacy rate while states like Jharkhand, Rajasthan has low literacy rate. Standing at second place, Delhi has a literacy rate of 88.7 per cent followed by Uttarakhand at 87.6 and Himachal at 86.6 per cent. Metropolitan areas like Maharashtra, Delhi, and West Bengal have financial literacy rates of 17%, 32%, and 21%, respectively. [68] Several non-governmental organisations such as Pratham, ITC, Rotary Club, Lions Club have worked to improve the literacy rate in India. According to the survey conducted by census 2011 by the Ministry of Home Affairs, India has an overall literacy rate of 74.04%. Male 90.94%, Female 80.76%; 2001: Literacy rate in Delhi was 81.67% as per 2001 population census. India literacy rate for 2018 was 74.37%, a 5.07% increase from 2011. The study of 188 government-run primary schools in central and northern India revealed that 59% of the schools had no drinking water facility and 89% no toilets. The global literacy rate for all males is 90.0% and the rate for all females is 82.7%. In 1944, the Government of British India presented a plan, called the Sergeant Scheme for the educational reconstruction of India, with a goal of producing 100% literacy in the country within 40 years, i.e. In Kerala, the male literacy rate is 97.4 per cent compared to 95.2 per cent among females. The Tripura success story is attributed to the involvement of local government bodies, including gram panchayats, NGOs and local clubs under the close supervision of the State Literacy Mission Authority (SLMA) headed by the chief minister. According to Census 2011, Kerala has the highest total literacy rate and female literacy rate whereas Lakshadweep had the highest male literacy rate. The following table shows the details from 1951 to 2011 census data on total literacy rate in percentage. There is wider disparity in literacy rates … India has made great strides in socioeconomic metrics ever since her independence. There is a wide gender disparity in the literacy rate in India ans effective literacy rates (age 7 and above) was 84.7% for men and 70.3% for women. [37] Although the 40-year time-frame was derided at the time by leaders of the Indian independence movement as being too long a period to achieve universal literacy,[37] India had only just crossed the 74% level by the 2011 census. Literacy involves a continuum of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society."[9]. "[61] The then chief minister of Tamil Nadu, MGR launched the program, which resembled a similar initiative in 19th century Japan, because "he had experienced as a child what it was like to go hungry to school with the family having no money to buy food". Similarly, the male literacy rate in Delhi stood a 93.7 per cent higher … Manthan has also been working for adult literacy through its Adult Literacy Centres for illiterate women. In the latest survey, overall literary rate of India stood at 77.7%. "Extracts from the All India Census Reports on Literacy." Literacy rate in urban areas was higher 87.7% than rural areas with 73.5%. Studies have indicated that female literacy is a strong predictor of the use of contraception among married Indian couples, even when women do not otherwise have economic independence. Delhi Literacy Rate 2011. [4] The 2011 census, indicated a 2001–2011 decadal literacy growth of 9.2%, which is slower than the growth seen during the previous decade. [45], Six Indian states account for about 70% of all illiterates in India: Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh (including Telangana) and West Bengal. Best Performing States. The lowest literacy rate in India is seen in the state of Bihar. [52] The Tripura Chief Minister said that efforts were underway to literate leftover 5.35 percent people and achieve complete success in a state of about 3.8 million people. From the all India census Reports on literacy. all schools with eclectic. 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